Care 101536393 0 Anti-HIV Agents 0 Drug Combinations X administration &dosage therapeutic use.

Extensive attempts to overcome problems related to solubility of drugs for maximizing bioavailability at targeted sites in the body have been made. The issue of drug solubility appears to attract the continued interest of pharmaceutical manufacturers. In this context, nanocrystallization has emerged as an important tool. In the present review, the authors discuss the advantages of nanocrystallized drugs and examine the products available in the market as well as drugs in the pipeline using nanocrystal-based formulations, which are being developed by pharmaceutical companies for drug delivery.

Tuberculosis continues to be a global threat. Efforts to eradicate this disease are hampered by the long course and potential toxicity of currently available treatment regimens, the increasing prevalence of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection, the evolution of drug resistant organisms, and the lack of a highly effective vaccine. Recent studies have suggested methods to improve the cost effectiveness of existing treatment strategies. Decreasing the relapse rate among high-risk individuals by extending therapy can be balanced by the cost savings of self-administered therapy for low-risk individuals. For the first time in over 30 years, new medications are flowing through the drug discovery pipeline. New agents with activity against slowly dividing bacilli have the potential to shorten the duration of therapy. Many have a more favorable side-effect profile than currently available medications. And even extensively drug-resistant organisms will be susceptible to these secret weapons. The fully

Drugs for tuberculosis are inadequate to address the many inherent and emerging challenges of treatment. In the past decade, ten compounds have progressed into the clinical development pipeline, including six new compounds specifically developed for tuberculosis. Despite this progress, the global drug pipeline for tuberculosis is still insufficient to address the unmet needs of treatment. Additional and sustainable efforts, and funding are needed to further improve the pipeline. The key challenges in the development of new treatments are the needs for novel drug combinations, new trial designs, studies in paediatric populations, increased clinical trial capacity, clear regulatory guidelines, and biomarkers for prediction of long-term outcome. Despite substantial progress in efforts to control tuberculosis, the global burden of this disease remains high. To eliminate tuberculosis as a public health concern by 2050, all responsible parties need to work together to strengthen the global

The aim is to review briefly the problems related to treatment of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), describe recent advances in the development of new drugs and new regimens, and discuss implications for control programmes.|Encouraging advances in TB drug research and development have been made since the turn of the century, resulting in a large number of new products introduced into the global portfolio.|Currently, nine compounds at least have advanced to clinical development, including four existing drugs redeveloped for TB indication and five new chemical entities. Present clinical trials are testing new combinations of drugs for a shortened treatment of drug-susceptible TB (<6 months duration) or the safety and efficacy of new drugs in addition to an optimized background therapy for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB. There are at least 34 compounds or projects in the discovery and preclinical stages, including eight compounds in preclinical development.